Diagnosis and its regulations for land ecosystem degradation in mining area

The idea of overall protection,system restoration,and comprehensive management make a clear claim for the ecological restoration in mining area.Howe ver,the concept of Land Ecosystem Degradation in Mining Area( LEDMA) could not been defined scientifically for a long time.Moreover,there was no uniform standard fo r diagnostic criteria and regulatory objectives of LEDMA. Based on the current knowledge at home and abroad,the concept of the LEDMA was redefined,and the connot ation of the LEDMA was figured out.Then,the influence factors of LEDMA were also dissected. Four influence factors were summarized ,including external disturbance pr essure,environmental carrying capacity,ecosystem resilience , artificial restoration.Furthermore the diagnostic criteria for LEDMA was identified,historical period state,per ipheral stable ecology,and artificial definition criteria. And the diagnostic methods included experimental testing,remote sensing monitoring and numerical simulation. Th en the selection of LEDMA diagnosis time and monitoring frequency were analyzed. The process of mining disturbance and its influence on the LEDMA was combed for diferent mining method.Therefore,three thresholds of LEDMA were proposed in order to judge the reversbility of the LEDMA. So,it could be seen that the old path of en d governance would no longer meet the requirements of green development in mining area.To sum up,we suppose the following control strategies to promote the syste matic restoration in mining area: proactive pre-harvest prevention, tandem dynamic monitoring,systematic ecological restoration,and optimized governance path.