Plant diversity and its relationship with soil enzyme activities and nutrients under different reclamation treatments in open-pit coal mining area

Ecological restoration is an important way to promote the revegetation. However, there is lacking study of plant-soil system interaction under different reclamation treatments. Based on this, this paper took the reclamation land of Hippophae rhamnoides and Amorpha fruticosa in Heidaigou mining area as the research object to explore the differences among plant diversity, soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities and the relationships among the four treatments (inoculation (I), inoculation + green fertilizer (IG), inoculation + green fertilizer + weathered coal (IDG) and non-inoculation control (CK)). The results showed that I and IDG treatments had the most significant improvement effect on reclamation area. The contents of organic matter and total nitrogen and the activities of urease and alkaline phosphatase in soil of treatments by inoculation and inoculation + green fertilizer + weathered coal were more than one times of those treated with control. At the same time, the Shannon-Wiener index of Hippophae rhamnoides and Amorpha fruticosa samples were significantly increased by 81.61% and 42.70% under I treatment, respectively, and 54.02% and 31.46% under IDG treatment, respectively. Soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities were positively correlated with species diversity, among which organic matter, total nitrogen content, urease and phosphatase activities were the main factors affecting plant community diversity in reclamation area.