| Citation: |
ZHANG Junwen，BAI Xuyang，DONG Xukai，et al. Structural field breeding and evolution and control technology of coal-rock dynamic disasters[J]. Coal Science and Technology，2025，53（1）：82−95. DOI: 10.12438/cst.2024-1731
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Rock burst, coal and gas outburst are the main disaster sources in deep coal mining, and their disaster inducing mechanism is very complicated. So far, there has been no integrated prevention and control technology for coal mine dynamic disaster. In view of this, the mechanism of stress field, seepage field and temperature field regulating dynamic disaster and its advantages and disadvantages are expounded. From the perspective of coal and rock structure evolution, the concept of structural field is defined, the connotation of coal mine dynamic disaster structure control technology is determined, the breeding mechanism and action mechanism of coal mine dynamic disaster with the space-time evolution of structural field is revealed, and the integrated technology of coal mine dynamic disaster structure control and prevention is proposed. The multi-field coupling relationship between stress field, seepage field, fracture field, temperature field and structural field is analyzed in detail. The structural field is defined as the primary field, and the rest are the secondary sub-fields regulated by the source of the structural field. This paper analyzes the active, directional and comprehensive characteristics of structural control technology, reveals the mechanism of structural control technology to prevent and control coal mine dynamic disasters, and puts forward a dynamic disaster prevention path based on the evolution law of structural field and control technology, which includes the whole process from pre-mining structural design, structural disaster prevention and control in mining to post-mining structural restoration, so as to achieve efficient prevention and control of dynamic disasters. The research results were carried out in an industrial test in a typical rock burst mine in Inner Mongolia, and combined with the field measured data and the inversion results of coal and rock structure, it was found that structural control technology could effectively change the high-low and low-level disaster-causing rock structure of overlying rock, reduce the roof impact risk, and reduce the deformation of roadway roof and surrounding rock, which verified the high efficiency of structural control technology in the field of rock burst prevention. At the same time, a test was carried out in an outburst mine in Gansu province, and it was found that the blind drilling and extraction scheme could not meet the actual needs of the project. After the implementation of the hydraulic slit technology designed from the perspective of structural control, the cracks in the coal seam in the working face were fully developed and through the channel of gas migration, and the final measured gas content verified the accuracy of the above conclusions. The two cases verify the scientificity and rationality of structural control technology in the field of coal mine power disaster prevention and control from the perspective of rock burst and coal and gas outburst disaster respectively.
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