Design of real-time data perception nodes and information models for mechanized-mining cells based on cyber-physical system (CPS)

As the intelligent transformation of coal mines progresses, Fully Mechanized-Mining Cells (FMMC), key cells for efficient and intelligent coal mining, face challenges like multi-source heterogeneous resource management, inconsistent data semantics, and limited real-time perception capabilities. This paper designs a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) based system framework covering the construction of real-time data perception nodes and information models to improve the resource coordination capability, data integration efficiency, and intelligent decision-making level of FMMC. The specific contents include: First, the composition and characteristics of the FMMC are clarified, and it is defined as a comprehensive operating cells consisting of core equipment such as shearers, hydraulic supports, and armored chain conveyors, as well as auxiliary devices such as sensor networks and control systems. The resource interaction network creation based on dynamic configuration strategies and real-time perception of resource node data are realized through the introduction of the CPS nodes of the FMMC. A unified semantic description framework is constructed based on the four levels of basic information, necessary resources, auxiliary resources, and human resources, providing theoretical support for the semantic consistency of multi-source heterogeneous data of the FMMC. Secondly, ontology modeling technology is used to further solve the semantic heterogeneity problem among multiple devices and systems in the FMMC. Through the formal description of equipment, resources and their relationships, an ontology-based FMMC heterogeneous resource empowerment semantic unified description model is constructed to provide support for semantic consistency and interoperability among devices. In addition, a FMMC data mapping architecture model based on OPC UA is constructed to achieve seamless connection from the ontology semantic model to the industrial standard protocol, ensuring data sharing and semantic unification among device group, and improving the scalability and interoperability of the system. Finally, the resource and process data of the FMMC at X Coal Mine were collected using CPS nodes. An information management and analysis platform was developed to instantiate and verify the real-time data perception node and information model. Results show that the information model architecture enhances collaborative management, real-time response, and resource optimization, equipment monitoring and dynamic perception.