| Citation: |
XU Gang，KANG Hongpu，ZHANG Zhen，et al. Surrounding rock control technology of 10 m super large mining height working face in Caojiatan Coal Mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology，2024，52（9）：1−14. DOI: 10.12438/cst.2024-0970
|
XU Gang: 徐刚，男，1979年6月生，研究员，博士，硕士生导师，中国煤炭科工集团首席科学家，孙越崎青年科技奖获得者。研究方向：矿山压力与岩层控制，工作面顶板灾害防治技术。主要成果：主持和参与国家科技支撑及重点研发计划项目/课题6项，获得省部级科技奖励30余项（一等奖5项）和国家发明专利银奖1项；发表学术论文60余篇，出版专著2本；授权发明专利40余项。创建了共作面顶板多区支撑理论，提出了不同顶板条件的灾害防治模式，开发了工作面顶板灾害监测预警平台。提出了地面压裂冲击地压卸压技术，实现了冲击地压区域防治
The 10 m ultra-large mining height of Caojiatan Coal Mine is a world's first in terms of single mining height and mining intensity, and the effective control of surrounding rock in the stope is crucial for safe and efficient mining at the working face. Based on the coal seam occurrence conditions and the mine pressure manifestation characteristics of the mined working face, the difficulties in controlling the surrounding rock during 10m ultra-large mining height mining are clarified, and a trinity surrounding rock control strategy of “active support and protection + regional pressure relief and weakening + comprehensive monitoring and early warning” is proposed, revealing the mechanism of strong mine pressure manifestation at the 10 m ultra-large mining height working face. The research shows that: the occurrence characteristics of multi-layer thick and hard roofs cause abnormally strong mine pressure manifestation at the working face, with large-area hanging roofs during initial mining and significant strong dynamic loading pressure at the working face during normal mining. The keys to controlling the surrounding rock in the 10m ultra-large mining height stope are reducing the pressure step distance, weakening the dynamic loading pressure, preventing rib spalling, and preventing the working face from being crushed by the pressure. The “double-layer telescopic beams + three-stage rib protection” structure of the hydraulic support achieves independent operation for the protection of the empty roof in front of the support and the ultra-high coal wall, solving the problem of incomplete rib protection by the original split-type rib protection. The high initial setting force and high working resistance of the hydraulic support significantly reduce the risk of rib spalling and roof caving at the working face and effectively control the roof subsidence during the pressure period. The underground deep-hole 5.0 m3/min high-flow directional fracturing weakening technology achieves weakening of the multi-layer thick and hard roofs, effectively reducing the intensity of mine pressure at the working face, controlling the amount of rib spalling and significant roof subsidence during the pressure period, and preventing the working face from being crushed by the pressure. Comprehensive monitoring and early warning effectively ensures the support efficiency of the support during mining, realizing real-time tracking of roof fracture and real-time analysis of strong mine pressure. The problems of large-area hanging roofs and small hurricanes during the initial mining of the ultra-large mining height working face have been resolved. The initial pressure step distance is 49.35 m, the pressure duration distance is 5.75 m, and the opening ratio of the safety valve of the support column is 24.81%. The manifestation of mine pressure during the periodic pressure period has been significantly alleviated. The average shrinkage of the hydraulic support column has decreased from 0.48 m to 0.32 m, a decrease of 33.3%, and the maximum shrinkage has decreased from 1.88 m to 1.44 m, a decrease of 23.4%. The proportion of the average dynamic load coefficient of the working face periodic pressure greater than 1.5 has decreased from 39.6% to 14%. During normal production at the working face, rib spalling is within a controllable range, with the amount of rib spalling concentrated at 0.2-0.5 m. The fracture or bending subsidence of the roof in front of the coal wall in areas where the working face is not sufficiently fractured, or under the condition of a long hanging roof, will cause strong mine pressure manifestation at the working face. The research results have important guiding significance for the control of surrounding rock in ultra-large mining height mining.
| [1] |
中国煤炭工业协会. 2023中国煤炭工业发展报告[M]. 北京:应急管理出版社,2023.
|
| [2] |
康红普,徐刚,王彪谋,等. 我国煤炭开采与岩层控制技术发展40 a及展望[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报,2019,1(1):013501.
KANG Hongpu,XU Gang,WANG Biaomou,et al. Forty years development and prospects of underground coal mining and strata control technologies in China[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering,2019,1(1):013501.
|
| [3] |
王国法,杜毅博,徐亚军,等. 中国煤炭开采技术及装备 50 年发展与创新实践:纪念《煤炭科学技术》创刊 50 周年[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2023,51(1):1−18.
WANG Guofa,DU Yibo,XU Yajun,et al. Development and innovation practice of China coal mining technology and equipment for 50 years:commemorate the 50th anniversary of the publication of Coal Science and Technology[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2023,51(1):1−18.
|
| [4] |
徐刚,张震,杨俊哲,等. 8.8 m超大采高工作面支架与围岩相互作用关系[J]. 煤炭学报,2022,47(4):1462−1472.
XU Gang,ZHANG Zhen,YANG Junzhe et al. Interaction between support and surrounding rock in 8.8 m super mining height working face[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2022,47(4):1462−1472.
|
| [5] |
徐刚,范志忠,张震. 综采工作面顶板灾害防控技术[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2023.
|
| [6] |
徐刚. 采场支架刚度实验室测试及与顶板下沉量的关系[J]. 煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1485−1490.
XU Gang. Experimental and theoretical study on hydraulic support in working face and its relationship with roof subsidence[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1485−1490.
|
| [7] |
徐刚,于健浩,范志忠,等. 国内典型顶板条件工作面矿压显现规律[J]. 煤炭学报,2021,46(S1):25−37.
XU Gang,YU Jianhao,FAN Zhizhong et al. Characteristics of strata pressure behavior of working face under typical roof conditions in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2021,46(S1):25−37.
|
| [8] |
张震,徐刚,高晓进,等. 采场支承压力全程动态演化特征及机理分析[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2023,40(6):1219−1230.
ZHANG Zhen,XU Gang,GAO Xiaojin,et al. Characteristics and mechanism of stope abutment pressure during the whole process[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2023,40(6):1219−1230.
|
| [9] |
康红普,张镇,黄志增. 我国煤矿顶板灾害的特点及防控技术[J]. 煤矿安全,2020,51(10):24−33,38.
KANG Hongpu,ZHANG Zhen,HUANG Zhizeng. Characteristics of roof disasters and controlling techniques of coal mine in China[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2020,51(10):24−33,38.
|
| [10] |
徐刚,黄志增,范志忠,等. 工作面顶板灾害类型、监测与防治技术体系[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2021,49(2):1−11.
XU Gang,HUANG Zhizeng,FAN Zhizhong,et al. Types,monitoring and prevention technology system of roof disasters in mining face[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2021,49(2):1−11.
|
| [11] |
康红普,冯彦军,张震,等. 煤矿井下定向钻孔水力压裂岩层控制技术及应用[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2023,51(1):31−44.
KANG Hongpu,FENG Yanjun,ZHANG Zhen,et al. Hydraulic fracturing technology with directional boreholes for strata control in underground coal mines and its application[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2023,51(1):31−44.
|
| [12] |
康红普,冯彦军,赵凯凯. 煤矿岩层压裂技术与装备的发展方向[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报,2024,6(1):013031.
KANG Hongpu,FENG Yanjun,ZHAO Kaikai. Development trends in hydraulic fracturing technology and equipment for strata control in underground coal mines[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering,2024,6(1):013031.
|
| [13] |
郝海金,吴健,张勇,等. 大采高开采上位岩层平衡结构及其对采场矿压显现的影响[J]. 煤炭学报,2004,29(2):137−141. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2004.02.003
HAO Haijin,WU Jian,ZHANG Yong,et al. The balance structure of main roof and its action to immediate roof in large cutting height workface[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(2):137−141. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2004.02.003
|
| [14] |
弓培林. 大采高采场围岩控制理论及应用研究[D]. 太原:太原理工大学,2006.
GONG Peilin. Surrounding rock control theory and application study of the coal face with greater mining height[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2006.
|
| [15] |
弓培林,靳钟铭. 大采高综采采场顶板控制力学模型研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):193−198. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2008.01.027
GONG Peilin,JIN Zhongming. Mechanical model study on roof control for fully-mechanized coal face with large mining height[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):193−198. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2008.01.027
|
| [16] |
弓培林,靳钟铭. 大采高采场覆岩结构特征及运动规律研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2004,29(1):7−11. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2004.01.002
GONG Peilin,JIN Zhongming. Study on the structure characteristics and movement laws of overlying strata with large mining height[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(1):7−11. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2004.01.002
|
| [17] |
闫少宏,尹希文,许红杰,等. 大采高综采顶板短悬臂梁-铰接岩梁结构与支架工作阻力的确定[J]. 煤炭学报,2011,36(11):1816−1820.
YAN Shaohong,YIN Xiwen,XU Hongjie,et al. Roof structure of short cantilever-articulated rock beam and calculation of support resistance in full-mechanized face with large mining height[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(11):1816−1820.
|
| [18] |
尹希文,闫少宏,安宇. 大采高综采面煤壁片帮特征分析与应用[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(2):222−225. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3363.2008.02.021
YIN Xiwen,YAN Shaohong,AN Yu. Characters of the rib spalling in fully mechanized caving face with great mining height[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2008,25(2):222−225. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3363.2008.02.021
|
| [19] |
尹希文. 我国大采高综采技术及围岩控制研究现状[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2019,47(8):37−45.
YIN Xiwen. Research status of strata control and large mining height fully-mechanized mining technology in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2019,47(8):37−45.
|
| [20] |
鞠金峰,许家林,王庆雄. 大采高采场关键层“悬臂梁”结构运动型式及对矿压的影响[J]. 煤炭学报,2011,36(12):2115−2120.
JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,WANG Qingxiong. Cantilever structure moving type of key strata and its influence on ground pressure in large mining height workface[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(12):2115−2120.
|
| [21] |
鞠金峰,许家林,朱卫兵. 浅埋特大采高综采工作面关键层“悬臂梁”结构运动对端面漏冒的影响[J]. 煤炭学报,2014,39(7):1197−1204.
JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing. Influence of key strata cantilever structure motion on end-face fall in fully-mechanized face with super great mining height[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(7):1197−1204.
|
| [22] |
黄庆享,马龙涛,董博,等. 大采高工作面等效直接顶与顶板结构研究[J]. 西安科技大学学报,2015,35(5):541−546,610.
HUANG Qingxiang,MA Longtao,DONG Bo,et al. Research on equivalent immediate roof and roof structure of large mining height face[J]. Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2015,35(5):541−546,610.
|
| [23] |
黄庆享,刘文岗,田银素. 近浅埋煤层大采高矿压显现规律实测研究[J]. 矿山压力与顶板管理,2003(3):58−59,118.
HUANG Qingxiang,LIU Wengan,TIAN Yinsu. Study on the observed law of ore pressure development in large mining height near shallow seam[J]. Mine Pressure and Roof Management,2003(3):58−59,118.
|
| [24] |
黄庆享,刘建浩. 浅埋大采高工作面煤壁片帮的柱条模型分析[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(2):187−191.
HUANG Qingxiang,LIU Jianhao. Vertical slice model for coal wall spalling of large mining height longwall face in shallow seam[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2015,32(2):187−191.
|
| [25] |
宁宇. 大采高综采煤壁片帮冒顶机理与控制技术[J]. 煤炭学报,2009,34(1):50−52. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2009.01.010
NING Yu. Mechanisn and control technique of the rib spalling in fully mechanized mining face with great mining height[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(1):50−52. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-9993.2009.01.010
|
| [26] |
许家林,鞠金峰. 特大采高综采面关键层结构形态及其对矿压显现的影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1547−1556.
XU Jialin,JU Jinfeng. Structure and shape of key layer of high mining height fully mechanized mining face and its influence on ore pressure development[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(8):1547−1556.
|
| [27] |
鞠金峰,许家林,朱卫兵,等. 7.0 m支架综采面矿压显现规律研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(3):344−350,356.
JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing,et al. Strata behavior of fully-mechanized face with 7.0 m height support[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2012,29(3):344−350,356.
|
| [28] |
杨胜利,孔德中. 大采高煤壁片帮防治柔性加固机理与应用[J]. 煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1361−1367.
YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong. Flexible reinforcement mechanism and its application in the control of spalling at large mining height coal face[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1361−1367.
|
| [29] |
杨胜利,王兆会,吕华永. 大采高采场周期来压顶板结构稳定性及动载效应分析[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2019,36(2):315−322.
YANG Shengli,WANG Zhaohui,LYU Huayong. Analysis of structure stability of main roof and dynamic loading effect during periodic weighting in a large mining height stope[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2019,36(2):315−322.
|
| [30] |
王国法,庞义辉,李明忠,等. 超大采高工作面液压支架与围岩耦合作用关系[J]. 煤炭学报,2017,42(2):518−526.
WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,LI Mingzhong,et al. Hydraulic support and coal wall coupling relationship in ultra large height mining face[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(2):518−526.
|
| [31] |
王国法,庞义辉. 特厚煤层大采高综采综放适应性评价和技术原理[J]. 煤炭学报,2018,43(1):33−42.
WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui. Full-mechanized coal mining and caving mining method evaluation and key technology for thick coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):33−42.
|
| [32] |
许永祥,王国法,李明忠,等. 超大采高综放开采煤壁板裂化片帮机理研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2021,38(1):19−30.
XU Yongxiang,WANG Guofa,LI Mingzhong,et al. Mechanism of slabbed spalling failure of the coal face in fully mechanized caving face with super large cutting height[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2021,38(1):19−30.
|
| [33] |
刘俊峰,唐恩贤,许永祥,等. 大采高智能化开采煤壁全过程精准控制技术研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2019,47 (10):131−135.
LIU Junfeng,TANG Enxian,XU Yongxiang,et al. Study on full process precision control technology of coal wall under large mining height intelligent mining condition[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2019,47 (10):131−135.
|
| [34] |
韩会军,王国法,许永祥,等. 6~10 m 厚煤层超大采高液压支架及其工作面系统自适应智能耦合控制[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2024,52(5):276−288. doi: 10.12438/cst.2023-1692
HAN Huijun,WANG Guofa,XU Yongxiang,et al. Adaptive intelligent coupling control of hydraulic support and working face system for 6−10 m super high mining in thick coal seams[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2024,52(5):276−288. doi: 10.12438/cst.2023-1692
|
| [35] |
杨俊哲,刘前进. 8.8 m 超大采高工作面矿压显现规律实测及机理分析[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2020,48(1):69−74.
YANG Junzhe,LIU Qianjin. Analysis and measured of strata behavior law and mechanism of 8.8 m ultra-high mining height working face[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2020,48(1):69−74.
|
| [36] |
张立辉,史佳斌,崔东亮. 8.8 m超大采高工作面矿压显现及顶板控制技术研究[J]. 煤炭工程,2022,54(S1):67−71.
ZHANG Lihui,SHI Jiabin,CUI Dongliang. Roof fall analysis and control technology of 8.8 m super high mining face[J]. Coal Engineering,2022,54(S1):67−71.
|
| [37] |
刘虎生,李杰. 浅埋深8.8m超大采高工作面冒顶机理及防治技术研究[J]. 煤炭工程,2022,54(S1):121−126.
LIU Husheng,LI Jie. Mechanism and key prevention technology of roof caving in shallow buried 8.8m large mining height fully-mechanized working face[J]. Coal Engineering,2022,54(S1):121−126.
|
| [38] |
刘忠全,刘前进. 神东矿区8.8m超大采高工作面矿压综合监测与分析[J]. 煤炭工程,2020,52(5):81−86.
LIU Zhongquan,LIU Qianjian. Comprehensive monitoring and analysis of mine pressure in Shendong 8.8m super-large mining height working face[J]. Coal Engineering,2020,52(5):81−86.
|
Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd. 
DownLoad: