| Citation: |
WANG Guilin，FEI Honglu，LIU Bingxuan，et al. Status quo and trend of blasting technology in open-pit coal mine fire area[J]. Coal Science and Technology，2025，53（1）：145−160. DOI: 10.12438/cst.2024-0595
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Blasting in open-pit coal mine fire areas poses a threat to the safety of blasting operations. In recent decades, engineering and technical personnel at home and abroad have made some achievements in the heat stability of explosive materials, monitoring technology of high-temperature fire area temperature field, and high-temperature blasting technology, providing technical support for the design and construction of fire area blasting. However, there are still bottlenecks in high-temperature fire area blasting technology, such as intelligent monitoring of blast hole temperature during blasting construction, development of high temperature resistant explosive materials, and large-scale fire area blasting technology. In order to achieve safe and efficient blasting in open-pit coal mine fire areas, this paper summarizes and analyzes the blasting technology in open-pit coal mine fire areas, proposes a system and development direction for efficient and safe blasting technology in fire areas: constructing a three-dimensional engineering geological model of the temperature field in the fire area, using fiber Bragg gratings for full hole depth temperature measurement, developing a real-time monitoring system for the temperature field in the fire area, and realizing temperature monitoring and early warning during blasting construction process; Optimize inhibitors and flash point enhancers for high-temperature resistant explosives, optimize explosive formulations, and develop high-temperature resistant explosive materials; The selection of cooling methods and insulation materials for high-temperature blast holes, as well as the design of insulation protection devices for drug packaging; Develop a failure apparatus of charge when the temperature safety threshold is exceeded for the charge inside the hole; Design an one-way blasting network for high-temperature fire areas; The zoning adopts a construction method that combines strengthened loosening, loosening blasting, weak loosening blasting techniques, and the "three small and one long" approach; Develop regulations for blasting operations in high-temperature coal seam fire areas to achieve information and intelligence in fire area blasting. Conducting in-depth research on key technologies for open-pit coal mine fire area blasting has important theoretical and engineering value for improving the safety and efficiency of open-pit coal mine fire area blasting.
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