Energy evolution and infrared radiation characteristics of different bedded coal under uniaxial compression
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摘要:
为了研究不同层理煤变形破坏过程中能量演化及红外辐射响应特征，以红庆河煤矿3-1煤层的煤样为研究对象，开展了4种不同层理角度（0°、30°、60°及90°）单轴压缩试验，并利用红外热成像仪监测煤样变形破坏过程中的红外温度场特征。试验结果表明：随着层理角度的增加，试样的抗压强度及应变能均呈“V”形变化趋势，60°时达到最小值，层理对峰前阶段的弹性应变能Ue及峰后阶段的耗散能Ud影响显著；不同层理角度煤样整体上表现为升温趋势，平均红外温度前兆点为0.84σp；试样破坏模式导致温度变化范围不同，0°和30°试样以张−剪破坏为主，升温幅度分别为1.12、1.30 ℃，而60°试样以单一剪切破坏为主，升温幅度较低为0.46 ℃，90°试样破坏以拉伸破坏为主，升温幅度最低为0.4 ℃；应变能与平均红外辐射温度呈正相关关系，相关程度排序为总应变能U<弹性应变能Ue<耗散能Ud。研究结果可以为煤岩动力灾害预警提供参考。
Abstract:In order to study the energy evolution and infrared radiation response characteristics during the deformation and failure process of coal with different bedding angles, uniaxial compression tests with four different bedding angles (0°, 30°, 60° and 90°) were carried out on a strong burst liability coal samples from 3-1 coal seam of Hongqinghe coal mine. The infrared temperature field characteristics of the coal samples during deformation and damage were monitored using an infrared thermal imaging camera. The test results show that as the bedding angle increases the compressive strength and strain energy of the sample show a “V” shaped trend, reaching the minimum value at 60°. The bedding has a significant impact on the elastic strain Ue in the pre-peak stage and dissipation energy Ud in the post-peak stage; The coal samples showed an overall warming trend with different bedding angles, with an average infrared temperature precursor point of 0.84σp.The bedding structure seriously affects the infrared radiation temperature and the difference of failure patterns lead to different temperature ranges. The 0° and 30° specimens are dominated by shear-tension composite failure, with a high temperature rise of 1.12 and 1.30 ℃, respectively, while the 60° specimen is dominated by single shear failure, with a low temperature rise of 0.46 ℃. The failure of 90° specimen is tensile failure, and the temperature rise is the lowest 0.4 ℃. The strain energy was positively correlated with the mean IR radiation temperature, and the correlation degree was ranked as U<Ue<Ud. The research results can provide reference for early warning of coal dynamic disasters.
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图 3 不同层理角度试样应力−应变曲线
Figure 3. Stress-strain curves of specimen with different bedding angles
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图 4 单轴抗压强度随层理角度变化规律
Figure 4. Variations of uniaxial compressive strength with different bedding angles
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图 5 不同层理试样应力及应变能变化曲线
Figure 5. Variation curves of stress and strain energy with different bedding specimens
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图 6 不同应变能随层理角度变化规律
Figure 6. Variation of strain energy with different bedding specimens
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图 7 不同层理试样平均红外辐射温度及温差演化规律
Figure 7. Evolution of the average infrared radiation temperature temperature difference with different bedding angle
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图 9 不同层理角度红外差值热像演化过程
Figure 9. Evolution process of infrared differential thermal image with different bedding angles
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图 11 不同监测区域平均红外辐射温度（0°试样为例）
Figure 11. Average infrared radiation temperature in different monitoring areas（0° specimen as an example）
表 1 不同层理角度试样力学参数测定结果
Table 1 Measurement results of mechanical parameters of samples with different bedding angles
编号 密度ρ/
（g·cm−3）峰值强度σp/
MPa峰值应变εp 弹性模量E/
GPa0°−1 1.27 34.66 0.0219 1.75 0°−2 1.29 28.20 0.0205 1.72 0°−3 1.29 33.51 0.0237 1.88 30°−1 1.28 33.33 0.0233 1.60 30°−2 1.28 31.01 0.0241 1.58 30°−3 1.28 26.03 0.0180 1.67 60°−1 1.24 14.16 0.0096 1.79 60°−2 1.24 14.32 0.0126 1.72 60°−3 1.24 13.41 0.0096 1.94 90°−1 1.29 20.17 0.0140 1.85 90°−2 1.28 13.95 0.0134 1.31 90°−3 1.27 17.17 0.0118 1.74 
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表 2 不同层理角度试样峰值及破坏阶段应变能
Table 2 Strain energy at peak stress and failure stage with different bedding angles
煤样编号 应力峰值阶段 破坏阶段 U/
（J·cm−3）Ue/
（J·cm−3）Ud/
（J·cm−3）能量积累率
$\dfrac{{{U}^{\text{e}}}}{U} $/%能量释放率
$\dfrac{{{U}^{\text{d}}}}{U} $/%U/
（J·cm−3）Ue/
（J·cm−3）Ud/
（J·cm−3）能量积累率
$\dfrac{{{U}^{\text{e}}}}{U} $/%能量释放率
$\dfrac{{{U}^{\text{d}}}}{U} $/%0°−1 0.3305 0.3164 0.0143 95.72 4.28 0.3311 0.0022 0.3288 0.67 99.33 0°−2 0.2638 0.2094 0.0544 79.37 20.63 0.2642 0.0016 0.2626 0.60 99.40 0°−3 0.2862 0.2807 0.0055 98.09 1.91 0.2869 0.0024 0.2846 0.83 99.17 30°−1 0.3511 0.3366 0.0145 95.86 4.14 0.3515 0.0006 0.3509 0.18 99.82 30°−2 0.3071 0.2915 0.0156 94.92 5.08 0.3072 0.0001 0.3071 0.01 99.99 30°−3 0.2105 0.1993 0.0112 94.68 5.32 0.2106 0.0008 0.2098 0.38 99.62 60°−1 0.0611 0.0542 0.0069 88.74 11.26 0.0704 0.0012 0.0692 1.73 98.22 60°−2 0.0657 0.0539 0.0118 82.06 17.94 0.0696 0.0207 0.0489 29.77 70.23 60°−3 0.0567 0.0451 0.0118 79.29 20.71 0.0576 0.0001 0.0575 0.02 99.98 90°−1 0.1104 0.1071 0.0033 97.02 2.98 0.1127 0.0039 0.1087 3.5 96.50 90°−2 0.0669 0.0572 0.0097 85.55 14.45 0.0672 0.0143 0.0529 21.27 78.73 90°−3 0.0957 0.0776 0.0181 80.09 19.91 0.0973 0.0185 0.0788 19.05 80.95
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表 3 不同层理煤样冲击倾向性指标
Table 3 Impact tendency index of different bedding coal samples
煤样编号 判定指标 冲击能
KE峰值强度
σp/MPa动态破坏时间
TD/ms0°−1 550 34.66 100 0°−2 659 28.20 74 0°−3 358 33.51 190 30°−1 877 33.33 82.2 30°−2 3071 31.01 48 30°−3 2105 26.03 32 60°−1 7 14.16 2230 60°−2 17 14.32 3000 60°−3 63 13.41 5846 90°−1 48 20.17 340 90°−2 223 13.95 237 90°−3 7 17.17 823
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表 4 相关系数与相关强弱程度关系[37]
Table 4 Relationships between correlation coefficient and degree of correlation[37]
相关系数绝对值 相关程度强弱 0 不相关 （0～0.3] 微弱 （0.3～0.5] 低度 （0.5～0.8] 显著 （0.8～1.0] 高度 1.0 完全
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表 5 应变能与平均红外辐射温度之间相关系数计算结果
Table 5 Calculation results on correlation coefficient between strain energy and average infrared radiation temperature
层理角度/（°） 能量类型 相关系数 相关程度 0 总应变能U 0.835 高度 弹性应变能Ue 0.800 显著 耗散能Ud 0.970 高度 30 总应变能U 0.818 高度 弹性应变能Ue 0.789 显著 耗散能Ud 0.886 高度 60 总应变能U 0.863 高度 弹性应变能Ue 0.829 高度 耗散能Ud 0.930 高度 90 总应变能U 0.555 显著 弹性应变能Ue 0.877 高度 耗散能Ud 0.885 高度
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