Research on data management technology of shearer based on protocol matching and data compression
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摘要:
采煤机作为综采工作面的关键装备，其智能化水平的提升对提高矿山智能化体系建设具有重要作用。当前，复合传感与精细化监控技术日益成为智能化采煤机研制的主流方向，导致所需监控的数据量明显提升，对采煤机数据管理系统提出了更高的要求。采煤机远程监控系统的应用效果受协议适配度与监控数据传输及储存能力影响严重。为了提高采煤机远程管控系统的适配性和数据管理的时效性，降低采煤机远程监控系统开发及部署难度，开展了通讯协议匹配解析和实时数据压缩存储相关研究。首先构建采煤机通讯协议树模型，提出基于子树匹配的采煤机通讯协议相似度计算方法，设计了采煤机通讯协议匹配算法，实现了不同型号采煤机通讯协议点表自适应匹配与解析；其次设计了基于相同状态字的开关传感量压缩算法和基于变长编码的模拟传感量压缩算法，提高了采煤机实时数据的压缩比，降低了数据存储子系统开销；最后，构建了基于协议匹配和数据压缩的采煤机远程监控系统，并进行实验测试。测试结果表明：本次实验中，所提出的基于子树匹配的采煤机通讯协议相似度计算方法与专家参考值一致，协议匹配吻合度可达100%；所提出的面向采煤机的数据压缩算法对开关量和模拟量的压缩率分别达到了99.16%和91.80%。
Abstract:Shearer as the key equipment of fully mechanized mining face, its improvement of the intelligence level plays an important role in improving the construction of the coal-mine intelligence. At present, composite sensing and fine monitoring technologies have increasingly become the mainstream direction of the development of intelligent shearer, resulting in a significant increase in the amount of data required to monitor, and higher requirements for the data management system of shearer are put forward. The application effect of shearer remote monitoring system is seriously affected by the suitability of the communication protocol and the capacities for the transmission and storage of the monitoring data. In order to improve the adaptability of the shearer remote control system and the timeliness of data management, and reduce the difficulty of development and deployment of the shearer remote monitoring system, the relevant research was carried out on communication protocol matching analysis and real-time data compression storage. Firstly, the shearer communication protocol tree model is constructed, the similarity calculation method of shearer communication protocol based on sub-tree matching is proposed. Then the matching algorithm of shearer communication protocol is designed, and the adaptive matching and parsing of communication protocol point table of different types of shearer is realized. Next, the switching sensor data compression algorithm based on the same state word and the analog sensor data compression algorithm based on the variable length coding are designed to improve the compression ratio of the real-time data of the shearer and reduce the overhead of the data storage subsystem. Finally, a remote monitoring system of shearer based on protocol matching and data compression was constructed and tested. The experimental results show that: the similarity calculation method of shearer communication protocol based on sub-tree matching proposed in this paper is consistent with the expert reference value, and the protocol matching coincidence can reach 100%. The proposed data compression algorithm for shearer achieves 99.16% and 91.80% compression rates for switching and analog data, respectively.
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图 7 原CAN通讯协议树中CAN帧子树的差异点
Figure 7. The difference point of CAN frame subtree in the original CAN communication protocol tree
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图 9 相同状态字压缩算法操作过程
Figure 9. Operation process of the same status word compression algorithm
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图 13 采煤机开关量数据压缩算法对比
Figure 13. Comparison of compression algorithms for shearer switch data
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图 14 采煤机模拟量数据压缩算法对比
Figure 14. Comparison of compression algorithms for shearer analog data
表 1 编码数字映射
Table 1 Encoding digital mapping table
原始数字 编码数字 0 000 1 001 2 010 3 011 4 100 5 101 6 1100 7 1101 8 1110 9 1111 
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表 2 标识数字编码映射
Table 2 Identifies the digital encoding mapping table
标准编码位数 标识数字 0 00 1 01 2 10 3 11
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表 3 CAN数据帧
Table 3 CAN data frame
CAN帧 CAN帧信息 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 右牵155温度正常 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 左牵155温度正常 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 顺停 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 顺启 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x00\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 左截割停止 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x00\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 左截割启动 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x01\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 顺启、左截割启动 b`\x08\x00\x00\x04\xa0\x02\x04\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00` 顺停、左截割启动 … …
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表 4 协议匹配测试结果
Table 4 Protocol matching test results
新CAN通讯协议XML
树对应CAN-ID新通讯协议点表CAN-ID
匹配结果4A0 Y 4A1 Y 4A2 Y 4A3 Y 4A4 Y 4A5 Y 4A6 Y 4A7 Y 4A8 Y 4A9 Y
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表 5 实时数据测试数据集
Table 5 Real-time data test data sets
时刻 数据字典 2024-04-06 18:06: 14.846413 {'象限编号': 1, '煤机在工作面位置': 3973 , '右牵': 1, '牵引变压器温度': 16.3, '输入左升': 0, '左滚筒采高': 0}2024-04-06 18:06: 15.103265 {'象限编号': 1, '煤机在工作面位置': 3974 , '右牵': 1, '牵引变压器温度': 15.6, '输入左升': 0, '左滚筒采高': 0}2024-04-06 18:06: 15.367207 {'象限编号': 1, '煤机在工作面位置': 3975 , '右牵': 1, '牵引变压器温度': 16.3, '输入左升': 0, '左滚筒采高': 0}2024-04-06 18:06: 15.629675 {'象限编号': 1, '煤机在工作面位置': 3975 , '右牵': 1, '牵引变压器温度': 15.7, '输入左升': 0, '左滚筒采高': 0}2024-04-06 18:06: 15.890272 {'象限编号': 1, '煤机在工作面位置': 3976 , '右牵': 1, '牵引变压器温度': 15.1, '输入左升': 0, '左滚筒采高': 0}2024-04-06 18:06: 16.178315 {'象限编号': 1, '煤机在工作面位置': 3977 , '右牵': 1, '牵引变压器温度': 16.8, '输入左升': 0, '左滚筒采高': 0}… …
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表 6 压缩性能测试结果
Table 6 Compression performance test results
存储方式 模拟量
数据简
单存储模拟量数据
变长编码压
缩存储开关量
数据简
单存储开关量相
同状态字
压缩存储数据表行数 54712 228 27356 114 数据表大小/kB 6470.38 533 3249.69 27.1
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