Analysis of the difference between weathered coal and lignite in the conversion of biomethane
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摘要:
为查明风化煤与褐煤生物甲烷生成量差别的内在原因，分别选取风化煤和褐煤，以富集驯化的菌液为菌种来源，通过生物产气模拟，红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、16srRNA测试、扫描电镜测试来分析风化煤与褐煤生物产气量差异性的内在机制。结果表明：褐煤的生物产气潜力（7.63 mL/g）大于风化煤（3.24 mL/g）；褐煤相比于风化煤，在产气过程中各类基团脱落明显，芳香类物质更多的被转化为小分子量的其它物质，同时酚碳或醚碳（C—O）氧化更加明显，有利于形成更多的小分子有机酸类物质；褐煤相较于风化煤在生物产气过程中表面侵蚀较严重，出现了较多的孔裂隙，使得有机质能够从这些孔隙中析出，有利于微生物进一步利用产气；褐煤中细菌和古菌多样性低于风化煤，但主要功能菌群占比较大，细菌中Macellibacteroides属和Lysinibacillus属占比达68.05%，古菌中Methanosarcina属和Methanobacterium属占比达89.99%，远大于风化煤，对煤中有机质的降解利用起到积极作用，能为后续产甲烷菌提供原料，因此褐煤更有利于被微生物利用产生物甲烷；风化煤的甲烷代谢类型为甲基类营养性区别于褐煤的氢营养型；在褐煤中微生物能够更好的利用乙酸作为碳源、葡萄糖和糖原能够被有效降解为丙酮酸，氧化（还原性）强，并产生供生化反应所需的ATP。研究结果为风化煤与褐煤产气差异机制提供理论参考，为今后风化煤与褐煤生物甲烷化利用提供现实意义。
Abstract:In order to find out the internal reasons for the difference in biological methane production between weathered coal and lignite, weathered coal and lignite were selected respectively, and the enriched and domesticated bacterial liquid was used as the source of bacteria. The internal mechanism of the difference in biological gas production between weathered coal and lignite was analyzed by biological gas production simulation, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and 16 S rRNA test. The results showed that the biogas production potential of lignite (7.63 mL/g) was higher than that of weathered coal (3.24 mL/g). Compared with weathered coal, in the process of gas production, various groups of lignite fall off obviously, aromatic substances are more converted into other substances with small molecular weight, and phenolic carbon or ether carbon (C—O) oxidation is more obvious, which is conducive to the formation of more small molecular organic acids. Compared with weathered coal, lignite has more serious surface erosion and more pore cracks in the process of biological gas production. The diversity of bacteria and archaea in lignite is lower than that in weathered coal, but the main functional flora accounts for a large proportion. The proportion of Macellibacteroides and Lysinibacillus in bacteria reaches 68.05%, and the proportion of Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium in archaea reaches 89.99%, which is much larger than that of weathered coal. It plays a positive role in the degradation and utilization of organic matter in coal and can provide raw materials for subsequent methanogens. Therefore, lignite is more conducive to the utilization of microbial products to produce methane. Methane metabolism type of weathered coal is methyl nutrition hydrogen nutrition type different from lignite. Microorganisms in lignite can make better use of acetic acid as a carbon source, glucose and glycogen can be effectively degraded into pyruvate, strong oxidation (reduction), and produce ATP for biochemical reactions. The research results provide a theoretical reference for the mechanism of gas production difference between weathered coal and lignite, and provide practical significance for the future biomethanation utilization of weathered coal and lignite.
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Keywords:
- biomethane /
- weathered coal /
- lignite /
- physical and chemical characteristics /
- microflora changes
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图 2 褐煤和风化煤产气前后红外光谱特征
Figure 2. Infrared spectral characteristics of lignite and weathered coal gas production peak
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图 3 生物产气高峰期褐煤与风化煤C（1s）的XPS拟合谱图
Figure 3. XPS fitting spectra of lignite and weathered coal C (1s) during biogas production peak
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图 4 产气高峰期褐煤与风化煤扫描电镜图
Figure 4. SEM images of lignite and weathered coal at the peak of gas production
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图 5 菌群多样性分析古菌韦恩图细菌韦恩图
Figure 5. Analysis of bacterial diversity Archaeal Venn diagram Bacterial Venn diagram
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图 6 褐煤与风化煤产气高峰期菌群组成及丰度
Figure 6. Composition and abundance of bacteria in lignite and weathered coal gas production peak
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图 7 风化煤与褐煤产气高峰期代谢通路统计
Figure 7. Statistics of metabolic pathways during the peak gas production of weathered coal and lignite
表 1 褐煤和风化煤工业分析和元素分析
Table 1 Proximate analysis and ultimate analysis of weathered coal and lignite
煤样 工业分析/% 元素分析/% Mad Aad Vad FCad Cdaf Hdaf Odaf Ndaf Sdaf 褐煤 7.46 10.71 44.58 37.25 40.43 4.40 21.47 0.40 1.34 风化煤 12.24 30.25 22.56 34.95 37.36 3.13 58.86 0.65 0 
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表 2 风化煤与褐煤生物产气数据
Table 2 Biogas production data of weathered coal and lignite
样品 底物
质量/g有机质
含量/g累计产
气量/mLCH4体积
分数/%CH4生成量/
(mL·g−1)风化煤 20 11.502 138±5 27.02 3.24 褐煤 20 16.366 234±6 53.36 7.63
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表 3 不同赋存形态有机碳的相对含量
Table 3 Relative contents of organic carbon in different forms
样品 C—C、C—H相对含量/% C—O相对含量/% C=O相对含量/% O—C=O相对含量/% 风化煤 89.49 3.91 3.08 3.52 褐煤 76.92 8.15 7.42 7.51
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表 4 不同底物下菌株的多样性指数分析
Table 4 Analysis of diversity index of strains under different substrates
菌株 样品 Chao1 Species Shannon 古菌 褐煤 51.91 51.81 2.16 风化煤 63.88 63.82 2.24 细菌 褐煤 679.88 674.53 4.83 风化煤 686.87 685.71 5.05
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