Study on well pattern density and well spacing of coalbed methane development: taking Hanchengbei Block as an example
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摘要:
煤层气井网密度及井距优化是影响煤层气产量和经济效益的重要因素，井网密度及井距的设计优化是煤层气开发方案的重要组成部分。当前对于煤层气开发井距的研究大多单一考虑产能因素或者是经济因素，对于二者综合评价研究较少。为探究煤层气开发井网密度和井距的最优方案，并综合评价煤层气井的产能与经济效益，以韩城北区块为研究对象，基于区块基本地质条件和煤储层物性资料，确定了煤层气开发适用的井网样式和井网方位。通过经验对比法、单井合理控制储量法、经济极限井距法、规定单井产能法和经济极限井网密度法计算并讨论了韩城北区块煤层气开发井网密度和井距部署方案。利用煤层气产能数值模拟软件Comet3，模拟和评价了不同井距开发方案下的产能，并采用折现现金流法进一步从经济评价角度优化了煤层气开发井网密度。结果显示，韩城北区块煤层气开发适用的井网样式为矩形井网；井网方位为NE49°；数值模拟结果表明，当井距为200 m×250 m时煤层气井稳产期产能最高，累计产量最多；依据1 km2不同井距布井方案的经济评价对比显示，当井网密度大于10口/km2时，该区块煤层气开发具有经济效益，其中井网密度为20口/km2即井距为200 m×250 m的方案内部收益率为11.27%，净现值为1 437万元，投资回收期为7.49年，经济指标最优。综合分析认为，韩城北区块最佳开发井网密度为20口/km2，最佳井距方案为200 m×250 m。
Abstract:Coalbed methane (CBM) well network density and well spacing optimization are important factors affecting CBM production and economic efficiency, and are important components of CBM development programs. At present, most of the researches on well spacing for CBM development only consider productivity factors or economic factors, but there are few comprehensive evaluation studies on them. In order to explore the optimum scheme of well pattern density and well spacing for CBM development, and to comprehensively evaluate the productivity and economic benefits of CBM wells, based on the basic geological conditions of the Hanchengbei block and physical data of coal reservoir, the well pattern and well pattern orientation suitable for CBM development are determined in this paper. Through experience comparison method, single well reasonable control reserve method, economic limit well spacing method, specified single well productivity method and economic limit well pattern density method, the well pattern density and well spacing deployment scheme for CBM development in Hanchengbei block are calculated and discussed. Using numerical simulation software Comet3 of CBM productivity, the productivity under different well spacing development schemes is simulated and evaluated, and the density of well pattern for CBM development is further optimized from the perspective of economic evaluation by discounted cash flow method. The result shows that the suitable well pattern for CBM development in Hanchengbei block is rectangular well pattern. The well pattern orientation is NE49°. The numerical simulation results show that when the well spacing is 200 m×250 m, the stable production period productivity of CBM well is the highest and the cumulative production capacity is the highest. According to economic evaluation and comparison of different well spacing schemes in 1 km2, when well pattern density is more than 10 wells/km2, the development of CBM in this area has economic benefits, where well pattern density is 20 wells/km2 and well spacing is 200 m×250 m scheme is 11.27%, the net present value is 14.37 million yuan, and the payback period of investment is 7.49 years, the economic index is the best. Comprehensive analysis shows that the best development well pattern density of Hanchengbei block is 20 wells / km2, and the best well spacing scheme is 200 m×250 m.
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Keywords:
- coalbed methane /
- Hanchengbei block /
- well pattern optimization /
- capacity simulation /
- well spacing
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图 2 韩城北区块主力煤层的煤层气资源丰度等值线图
Figure 2. Contour map of CBM resource abundance of the main coal seam in the Hanchengbei Block
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图 3 韩城北区块主力煤层埋深等值线图
Figure 3. Contour map of the burial depth of the main coal seam in Hanchengbei Block
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图 4 韩城北区块主力煤层含气量等值线图
Figure 4. Contour map of gas content of the main coal seam in Hanchengbei Block
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图 5 韩城北区块W26井排采曲线
Figure 5. Drainage production curve of well W26 in Hanchengbei Block
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图 6 韩城北区块W23井组排采曲线
Figure 6. Drainage production curve of well cluster W23 in Hanchengbei Block
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图 7 韩城北区块部分生产井拟合效果
Figure 7. Fitting effect of some production wells in Hanchengbei Block
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图 8 韩城北区块不同井距年产气量预测结果
Figure 8. Forecast results of annual gas production from different well spacing in Hanchengbei Block
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图 9 韩城北区块不同井距累计产气量预测结果
Figure 9. Cumulative gas production forecast results for different well spacing in Hanchengbei Block
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图 10 不同方案井网布置示意（每个方格均为1 km×1 km）
Figure 10. Schematic of well network arrangement for different schemes (each square is 1 km×1 km)
表 1 韩城北区块不同井距产量
Table 1 Production from different well spacing in Hanchengbei Block
井组 井距/(m×m) 稳产期产气量/（m3·d−1） W12 300×300 800 W22 260×350 1 000 W23 300×350 1 100 H01 300×300 1 200 
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表 2 不同井网密度及井距计算结果
Table 2 Calculation results of different well network density and well spacing
井距计算方法 单井控制面积/km2 井网密度/（口·km−2） 井距/(m×m) 单井合理控制储量法 0.0635 15.76 225×282 经济极限井距法 0.0458 21.86 191×239 规定单井产能法 0.0653 15.31 229×286 经济极限井网密度法 0.0362 27.65 170×213
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表 3 韩城北区块主力煤层参数
Table 3 Main coal seam parameters in Hanchengbei Block
井号 埋深/m 厚度/m 渗透率/10−10 m2 含气量/（m3·t−1） 储层压力/MPa 兰氏体积/（m3·t−1） 兰氏压力/MPa 5号井 600 6 3 16 6 36 2.2 11号井 650 4 1 13 7 32 1.8
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评价期/a 15 基准收益率/% 6 煤层气价格/（元·m−3） 1.40 商品率/% 98 弃置费 总工程投资的5% 资源税/% 1 增值税/% 9 国家教育费附加费/% 3 地方教育附加费/% 2 河道管理费/% 1 企业所得税/% 25
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表 4 不同方案的经济评价结果
Table 4 Results of economic evaluation of different programs
方案 年产气量/万m3 总投资/万元 成本费用/万元 年均收入/万元 内部收益率/% 净现值/万元 投资回收期/a 方案1 724.39 4 380 267.66 993.86 11.27% 1439 7.49 方案2 485.25 3 067 183.00 665.77 8.56% 502 9.18 方案3 383.92 2 626 155.77 526.74 7.99% 329 9.53 方案4 284.77 2 190 124.91 390.71 4.96% −133 11.31
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