Abstract: Zhaoxian mining area is an important mining area in the Huanglong coal base. During the mining of high-strength coal resources, the problem of coal seam roof water disaster is prominent, and water inflow prediction is a crucial part of water disaster prevention and control in the mining area. Coal seam mining disrupts the original stress equilibrium state of the overlying strata and is a key factor inducing changes in aquifer permeability. To explore the evolution characteristics of aquifer permeability and the dynamic prediction of water inflow under mining conditions, multiple-group pumping tests conducted in the mining area are used as the basis, and research methods such as numerical simulation and mathematical statistics are comprehensively applied to analyze the variation characteristics of the aquifer permeability coefficient and groundwater flow field at different stages of coal mining. A numerical model of the study area is established to dynamically predict water inflow. The results indicate that during coal seam mining, the permeability coefficient of the aquifer first increases and then decreases. After mining activities cease, the increase in the permeability coefficient continues for a period of time, The variation range of the aquifer permeability coefficient during the mining process is 4.3 to 22.0 times. Changes in aquifer permeability affect the distribution of the groundwater flow field, and groundwater levels are more uniform in areas with higher permeability. In aquifers affected by mining activities, groundwater activity increases, and the groundwater level recovers more rapidly. By combining the variation characteristics of aquifer permeability during the mining process and adopting a segmented simulation method for water inflow, the water inflow of the pre-mining working face is predicted. The research results can provide a reference for understanding the evolution characteristics of aquifer permeability during mine exploitation and provide a basis for mine water disaster prevention and control and safe production.