Abstract: The dynamic impact behavior of anchored sandstone was investigated through model tests using Negative Poisson’s Ratio (NPR) cables with constant resistance characteristics. Based on a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar system, dynamic loading tests were conducted on unanchored sandstone, PR cable anchored sandstone, and NPR cable anchored sandstone under three incident gas pressures of 0.26, 0.28, and 0.30 MPa. The dynamic mechanical response, energy transfer characteristics, cable force evolution, and deformation and failure behaviors of different specimens were systematically compared. The results indicate that all three specimen types exhibit pronounced strain rate effects in both dynamic compressive strength and peak strain. The NPR anchored sandstone consistently shows the highest dynamic compressive strength and the lowest peak strain, demonstrating that NPR cables can optimize rock strength by adaptively regulating support resistance. In analysis of the energy distribution, the NPR anchored sandstone exhibits the lowest transmitted energy, fracture dissipation energy, and energy dissipation density. Its sliding deformation mechanism effectively delays impact induced rock fracture. Analysis of the cable force evolution reveals that NPR cables display the adjusted fluctuation behavior under impact loading without exhibiting tensile failure, showing clear advantage over the brittle fracture of PR cables. Failure mode comparisons further demonstrate that NPR anchored sandstone undergoes only localized edge spalling and limited slab like exfoliation, while the main body of specimen remains merely intact with tensile dominated failure. In contrast, unanchored and PR anchored sandstones exhibit shear crack dominated fragmentation. These experiment results confirm that NPR cables effectively inhibit tensile crack propagation. Overall, NPR cables significantly enhance the dynamic impact resistance of sandstone through a correlated mechanism involving strength enhancement, energy dissipation regulation, and crack growth suppression, providing a promising technical approach for impact ground pressure control.