Abstract: Medicago sativa is widely used in the ecological reconstruction of loess mining areas, yet exhibits varying degrees of degradation in specific spoil dumps. To elucidate the degradation mechanisms, this study focused on the coupling and coordination relationship between vegetation and soil system in the process of restoration, selected M. sativa lands for 2, 4, 6 and 10 years (M2, M4, M6, M10) as the research objects, compared with the wasteland. Adopted vegetation investigation and soil determination analysis, combined with the coupling and coordination model, studied the evolution law of vegetation and soil and the coupling and coordination type of the two systems in the process of restoration. The results showed: ① The Shannon-Wiener index was 0.51-0.92 and the lowest Shannon-Wiener index was 0.51 for M. sativa. ② The biomass of vegetation community reached the peak, and 194.27 g/m² was significantly higher than that of the wasteland (P<0.05). After recovery for 10 a, the proportion of important values of native plant species such as Artemisia scoparia and A. desertorum increased significantly (P<0.05), and the important values of M. sativa decreased to 14.86%. ③ The total nitrogen content of soil was significantly affected by artificial intervention, in which the total nitrogen content of M6 soil was 0.55 g/kg, significantly increased (P<0.05), but the total phosphorus content was less affected by intervention. ④ The coupling coordination degree of M6 is the highest (D=0.442 4), belonging to "barely coordinated vegetation lag type". On the whole, when the artificial vegetation is restored in the mining area, the fast-growing plants such as Gramineae, Compositae and Leguminosae can be selected as the main species, supplemented by the native plants with strong adaptability such as Caragana microphyllum and Cleistogenes squarrosa as the companion species. When the M. sativa is restored to 4-6 a, due to the vigorous growth of M. sativa and the relative lack of soil nutrients, it is recommended to improve the soil nutrients and promote the vegetation restoration through fertilization and water supplement or vegetation transformation after 4-6 a of restoration, so as to ensure the coordinated development of vegetation and soil and avoid the early degradation of artificial vegetation.