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神东矿区亿吨矿井群智能绿色开采研究与实践

Research and practice of intelligent-green mining in the billion-ton mine cluster of Shendong Mining Area

  • 摘要: 为达成亿吨矿井集群的安全、智能高效及绿色开采的目标,神东公司依靠技术和管理创新,发展新型集约化生产模式,形成了世界第一大亿吨矿井群,为煤炭行业树立了煤炭工业现代化发展的先进典范。系统介绍了神东公司近10 a以来针对亿吨矿井群开发的科技创新成果:在亿吨矿井群安全生产技术方面,研制了超大采高综采面顶板控制技术,采用定向钻孔水压致裂技术软化顶板坚硬岩层,研发并推广了无煤柱开采技术,实现了近距离煤层群及复合区煤层的安全开采,开发了矿压预警平台,实现了富水顶板下的安全开采;在亿吨矿井群智能高效开采技术方面,神东公司研发了8.8 m超大采高综采工作面成套装备及技术,研制了双巷快速掘进技术工艺系统,创新了全断面盾构法施工斜井装备及技术,研发了短壁机械化开采技术和薄煤层等高式采煤技术,创新了智能化运输系统,形成了以跟机自动化、远程干预、智能割煤(记忆割煤–预测割煤–自主割煤)、线缆智能联动为核心特征的智能化开采技术,建成了上湾千万吨级智能化选煤厂示范点,形成了神东矿区全面建成智能化选煤厂规划框架,制定了“矿井设备数据接口与协议”数据通信标准,首次提出并实现了“一网一站”系统建设构想,率先引入了矿用鸿蒙操作系统,并构建了亿吨级智能生产管控平台;在亿吨矿井群绿色开采技术方面,构建了生态环境保护与修复技术体系,研发了微生物生态修复技术及多维度废物再利用技术,建成了多个国家级生态修复示范基地,实现了亿吨矿井群资源与环境的协调开发;在亿吨矿井群全面管理技术方面,建立了集质量(工作质量、服务质量、管理质量)、安全、健康、环保等为一体的标准化、精益化和专业化的综合性管理体系,形成了先进的煤炭行业全面管理技术,对亿吨矿井群的生产经营起到了重要作用。研究成果为煤炭工业实现自主创新提供了借鉴,为我国大型煤炭基地的规划、建设与发展起到了积极示范和引领作用。

     

    Abstract: In order to achieve safe, intelligent, efficient and green mining in the billion-ton mine cluster, Shendong relies on technological and management innovations, develops a new intensive production model, forms the world's first billion-ton mine cluster, and sets up an advanced model of modernization and development of the coal industry for the coal industry. Based on this, the scientific and technological innovations developed by Shendong in the past ten years for the billion-ton mine clusters are systematically introduced: In terms of safe production technology for ten million-ton mine cluster, it has developed the peripheral rock control technology for the extra-high comprehensive mining face, adopted the directional drilling hydraulic fracturing technology to soften the hard rock layer on the roof, developed and promoted the coal pillar-less mining technology to realize the safe mining of the coal seam cluster in close proximity and the coal seam in composite areas, developed the mine pressure early warning platform to realize the safe mining under the water-rich roof slab. In terms of intelligent and efficient mining technology for billion-ton mine cluster, Shendong has developed complete sets of equipment and technology for 8.8 m large-height comprehensive mining face, developed double-channel fast-digging technology and process system, innovated equipment and technology for inclined shafts constructed by the full-section shield method, and researched and developed mechanized mining technology for short-walls and contour-type coal-mining technology for thin seams, which has improved the efficiency of digging, and it has innovated an intelligent transportation system, formed intelligent mining technology with automation of following machines, remote intervention, intelligent coal cutting (memory coal cutting, predictive coal cutting and autonomous coal cutting) and intelligent linkage of cables as its core features. It has constructed a billion-ton intelligent coal processing plant demonstration site in Shangwan, and formed a planning framework for the comprehensive construction of intelligent coal processing plants in Shendong mining area, and formulated the data communication standard of “data interface and protocol for mining equipments”, For the first time, it proposed and realized the concept of “one network, one station” system construction, and taken the lead in introducing the Hongmeng operating system for mines, built a 100 – million – ton intelligent production control platform. In terms of green mining technology for billion-ton mine cluster, it has constructed an ecological environmental protection and restoration technology system, developed microbial ecological restoration technology and multi-dimensional waste reuse technology, and built a number of national ecological restoration demonstration bases, realizing the coordinated development of ten million tons of resources and the environment in the mine cluster. In terms of comprehensive management technology for billion-ton mine cluster, it has established a comprehensive management system integrating quality (work quality, service quality, management quality), safety, health, environmental protection, etc., formed an advanced comprehensive management technology in the coal industry, which plays an important role in the production and operation of ten million-ton mine cluster. The research results provide a reference for the coal industry to realize independent innovation, and play a positive demonstration and leading role in the planning, construction and development of large-scale coal bases in China.

     

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