Abstract: In response to the main technical challenges faced by coal production enterprises in the long-term prevention and control of disasters caused by the thick-hard hanging roof fracturing in longwall mining faces, taking the 8238 fully mechanized top-caving longwall face as the engineering background, a mechanical model of thick-hard roof was established, and the disaster mechanism and influencing factors of initial and periodic fracture of the thick-hard hanging roof were analyzed. The results show that the total energy released by the fracture of the hard roof is positively correlated with the coal seam mining thickness m, the hard roof thickness h₂, and the tensile strength R_t of the hard roof, and negatively correlated with the direct roof thickness h₁. The total energy U₁ released by the initial fracture of the main roof is more than twice the total energy U₂ released by its periodic fracture. Furthermore, a UDEC numerical calculation model was established, and based on its embedded fluid structure coupling analysis module, the damage and failure laws of hard roof caused by different water injection volumes and fracturing point spacing at a water injection pressure of 40 MPa, as well as the collapse laws of the mining site roof before and after hydraulic fracturing (HF), were analyzed to reveal the weakening mechanism of hard roof caused by directional long borehole HF during the miningstress adjustment. Based on the geological conditions and numerical simulation analysis results, the directional long drilling segmented fracturing parameters for the hard roof (fine sandstone) of the 8238 working face are determined as a single point injection volume of 20 m³ and a fracturing point spacing of 15 m. Based on the control concept of the “energy release -structure weakening- stress regulation”, the three-dimensional fracturing technology of “directional long bore segmented fracturing layered control” is proposed and applied in field practice. Field monitoring data revealed: maximum convergence of 236 mm at the coal pillar rib of 5238 roadway, 135 mm at the solid coal rib, and 287 mm maximum roof-to-floor convergence. The initial weighting interval decreased from 45 m to 18 m, while the periodic weighting interval showed 35% average reduction compared with non-HF longwall face. This technical solution effectively ensured safe and efficient extraction in fully mechanized caving faces under thick-hard roof conditions.